Seeking Recognition in a Federal Structure: Assessment of Minority Ethnic Struggle in Nigeria

Abstract

Ethnic militancy in Nigeria has been high in the recent time on the agenda of seeking recognition and for resource control. This is perhaps best exemplified by the activities of ethnic militant in the last eighteen years of the nation's return to democratic regime. This is a period during which the democratic regimes have not met the region's expected expectations in a democratic government as it had been advocated to providing institutions that will provide a pathway for development in the regions. The quest for justice and the end to marginalization of the regions by the multinational oil corporations and Nigerian government have led to the region's struggle for recognition within the Nigerian state. Hence, the indigents cry for lack of development and marginalization even though the Nigerian wealth is from the region has justified their calms. It is a fact that federalism remains the best system for a multi ethnic country to ensure meaningful development of the federating units through a participatory approach. Federalism therefore serves as a veritable avenue through which the purpose of the marriage of the federating units can be achieved with less conflict if its principles are abide with accordingly. This study therefore examines critically the determinant of Nigeria federalism, consequences inherent in the struggle of the marginalized region in Nigeria federalism and provides articulate, promising and holistic solutions to the identified challenges. Therefore, it is imperative for Nigeria to embrace democratic federalism to witness sustainable development that will alleviate poverty among the federating unit.