Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Streptococci Isolated from Different Environment in the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

Abstract

A study was carried out to isolate streptococci associated with polluted air, water, soil and human samples collected from different sites within the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. The samples were analyzed microbiologically using standard microbiological techniques. Twenty-two isolates of twelve species were obtained from the study. The isolates were identified as Streptococcus pneumoniae (HNR), S. pyogenes (ATT), S. agalactiae (SPY), S. anginosus (ARF1), S. salivarius (AWT2), Enterococcus avium (ARF1), E. faecium (WPG1), E.  faecalis (WPG3), S. mutans (ABT), S. oralis (AWT1),S. sanguis (AWT3) S. pneumonia (HTR), S. pyogenes (HSK1), S. agalactiae (HSK2), S. anginosus (WSB), S. salivarius (SCM2), S. equi(HER), E. faecium (SCM1),E. faecalis (SGH), S. mutans (HMT), S. oralis (WPG2) and S. sanguis (SUP). The antibacterial activity of 13 commercial drugs against the isolates was assayed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and the percentage of resistance by Streptococcus sppto the antibiotics are as follows; pefloxacin (18.2 %), gentamicin (13.6 %), septrin (4.5 %), ampicillin (50 %), amoxicillin (50 %), cefuroxime (22.7 %), ceftriaxone (27.2 %), ciprofloxacin (13.6 %), streptomycin (18.2 %), erythromycin (18.2 %) tetracycline (27.2 %), methicillin (40.9 %) and vancomycin (68.3 %). Among the antibacterial drugs tested pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, streptomycin and septrin showed maximum percentage of inhibition against Streptococcus spp. Vancomycin resistance was observed in the following isolates - E. faecalis (SGH), E. faecium (SCM1), S. oralis (WPG2) and S. salivarius(SCM2)signifying the presence of vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) from environmental samples. Enterococcus faecium (WPG1) isolated from ground water source was resistant to a wide range of antibiotics but susceptible to vancomycin.