Production of Bacterial Cellulose from Acetobacter Xylinum using Fruits Wastes as Substrate

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) are cellulose that are biologically produced from several species of Acetobacter because of its unique properties, it has advantages over plant cellulose. Acetobacter xylinum, which produces Bacterial cellulose from various substrates including sugars, fruits and vegetable wastes. Bacterial cellulose produced by Acetobacter xylinum was a new type of biopolymer. Nowadays, biopolymer has numerous applications in industrial sector and biodegradable and nontoxic in nature. In this regards a focus is given to coconut water, papaya juice and muskmelon juice (wastages) were used as substrates for Bacterial Cellulose production. The objective of this work was to produce bacterial cellulose using low cost and natural carbon sources and Comparative study between coconut water, papaya juice and muskmelon in the production of Bacterial cellulose. The design of the study employs with three treatments viz. Coconut water, muskmelon and papaya juice medium without any additional nutrients (Blank), with additional sugar (i.e. 12% glucose with 5.0% v/v Acetobacter xylinum were added to fruits juice medium) and without additional sugar (only Acetobacter xylinum added to fruits juice medium). Acetobacter xylinum (NCIM 2526) was cultured in a coconut water, papaya and muskmelon juice medium to produce BC. The maximum thickness of BC was measured on 7^th day of fermentation. The highest yield of BC obtained for coconut water, papaya juice and muskmelon found to be is 2.43g/100mL, 4.52g/100mL and 1.68g/100mL i.e. without additional sugar when compared with the substrates having additional sugar. Hence papaya juice gave the highest yield using natural carbon source i.e. without additional sugar followed by coconut water and muskmelon juice gave lowest cellulose yield. Whereas there was no visible cellulose layer formed in Blank solution. Finally it is concluded that, the Cellulose production increases with use of particular carbon sources in some media, but not in others and yield is greatly affected by selection of media. It could be concluded that static condition is suitable for Bacterial cellulose production.