Robot-Assisted Maxillofacial Surgery, Real Scientific Dream: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Abstract

Advances in the basic scientific research within the field of computer assisted oral and maxillofacial surgery have enabled us to introduce features of these techniques into routine clinical practice. One of the most significant developments in medical technology in the past decade is the advent of Robot-assisted maxillofacial surgery. Robotic surgery has distinct advantages over conventional open surgery, and most surgical procedures can now be performed by the robots. However, the popularity and acceptance of computer assisted surgery is far from universal, mainly due to the technical difficulties in the procedure. Robot assisted surgery requires training and skill, and has a long learning curve. Robot-assisted surgery may help overcome some of these problems. The techniques of virtual reality and computer assisted surgery are increasingly important in their medical applications. Many applications are still being developed or are still in the form of a prototype. It is already clear, however, that developments in this area will have a considerable effect on a surgeon's routine work. Robot Assisted Neck Dissection followed by Transoral Robot Surgery in some cancers of the head and neck are feasible and showed a clear cosmetic benefit, although the longer operating time is a drawback. Studies of more patients with longer follow-up are required to evaluate long-term oncological and functional outcomes in more detail.