The Pattern of Food Consumption Expenditure and Performance of Household Food Security (Case at Rural and Urban in West Java Province)

Abstract

Food is one of the basic human needs that the fulfillment as a part of human rights that cannot be postponed and cannot be substituted with other materials. Food is also part of the culture as adaptation between humans and the environment, as a basic component to realize qualified human resources, even food cannot be denied is the main pillar for national development that plays a role in maintaining stabilities of economic, social, and politic.

The objective of this study is to describe the pattern of household food consumption expenditure, and the performance of household food security base on differences characterize of rural and urban region.  Survey method was used in this study by determining respondents through the proportionate two-stage cluster random sampling technique with data analysis i.e.  description, verification.

The results of this study  showed; 1) Proportion of food consumption to total household consumption, for rural area 43,2%, while for urban 40,7%, that indicate in both research area not found household which included condition with vulnerable or food insecure category ,with the largest proportion being expenditure household on staple food consumption (rice) with a tendency for rural rice consumption to be greater than urban areas of 88.2 kg per capita per year for rural areas and 83.53 kg per capita per year for urban areas. Overall, food security performance of urban households has relatively better compared to rural households, reflected by households with continuity of food availability in urban areas (53.3 percent) compared to rural household (46.7 percent).