Sustaining National Identity in Exile: A Study of Tibetan Refugees in Goa

Abstract

This research paper discusses how the Tibetan refugees in Goa sustain their national identity in exile. National identity is defined as a collective sentiment upon the belief of belonging to the same nation and sharing of common culture, history, kinship, language, religion and it is distinct from other nation. Compared to other refugee communities in India, the Tibetan refugees are usually considered more successful in reconstructing their life in exile.

There are a variety of measures and unique strategies like homogeneous settlements and exclusive schooling, adopted by the Tibetan Government in exile for the dual purpose of rehabilitation and preservation of their culture in India. Gradually due to economic pressure, Tibetan refugees also began undergoing seasonal migration selling Tibetan handicrafts and woollen goods. This paper elucidates how homogenisation takes place in a heterogeneous society in order to sustain their national identity. This paper also attempts to explain that the priorities and perception of cultural identity also differs across the generations. By focusing specifically on livelihood strategies of the seasonal Tibetan migrants in Goa, this paper attempts to draw linkages between pursuing livelihood and sustaining national identity in exile.