Uncaging the Caged – Reimagining Rehabilitation and Reintegration in a Correctional Centre: A Wellness Perspective

Abstract

This paper explores approaches employed by prison officers in order to enhance the social, emotional, academic and physical wellness of juvenile offenders in a Correctional and Prison Centre in one developing country in Zimbabwe. The study is informed by integrative theories of Hettler's (1980) wellness theory, Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory, and the UBUNTU theory. A qualitative phenomenological design was used, with focus group discussions, interviews, and observations as data collection instruments for twenty-five (25) juvenile offenders and five (5) prison officers (teachers) in one Correctional Centre and Prison in Gweru Province. These participants were purposively selected. Findings from this study revealed that teaching the new Zimbabwean curriculum has enhanced positive relationships and developed interpersonal relationships amongst juveniles through sharing their problems, the word of God, singing and playing together. In this way, physical, emotional, spiritual, social and academic wellness is being enhanced. Furthermore, it was established that counseling rendered to juvenile offenders enhances positive behaviour modification, tolerance, and respect for others. This study revealed that juvenile offenders are equipped with coping skills to deal with community stigmatisation. It was revealed in the study that the interaction and relationships between educators and juvenile offenders were a clear indicator that a conducive environment was prevalent, and it reassured the juveniles of positive integration into the community. The study recommends networking with relevant groups like social workers, ex-convicts, and community and religious groups to promote social change for juvenile offenders. These groups can give support to the juvenile offenders for smooth reintegration to take place. In this way, emotional, physical, spiritual and social wellness is promoted.